Lung needle biopsy

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Lung biopsy

Overview

Risks

Results

Lung needle biopsy

Definition:

A lung needle biopsy is the process of obtaining and examining a sample of lung tissue.

Alternative Names:

Transthoracic needle aspiration; Percutaneous needle aspiration

How the test is performed:

A chest X-ray or chest CT scan may be used to locate the precise spot of the biopsy. (If the biopsy is done using a CT scan, you may be lying down during the exam.)
You sit with your arms resting forward on a table. You should maintain this position and refrain from coughing during the biopsy. The skin is scrubbed and a local anesthetic is injected.
A small (about 1/8-inch) incision may be made in the skin, and the biopsy needle is inserted into the abnormal tissue, tumor, or lung tissue. A small specimen is removed with the needle and sent to the laboratory.
Pressure is placed over the site. Once bleeding has stopped, a bandage is applied.
A chest X-ray is obtained immediately after the biopsy.

The procedure usually takes 30 to 60 minutes. Laboratory analysis usually takes a few days.

How to prepare for the test:

Before a needle biopsy of the lung is conducted, a chest X-ray, chest CT scan, or bronchoscopy will be performed. Sometimes a mild sedative will precede the biopsy. You must sign a consent form. It is important to remain as still as possible for the biopsy, and to refrain from coughing.

How the test will feel:

A lung needle biopsy is preceded by a local injection of anesthetic, which will sting for a moment. You will feel pressure and a brief, sharp pain when the needle touches the lung.

Why the test is performed:

A needle lung biopsy is performed when there is an abnormal condition that is near the surface of the lung, in the lung itself, or on the chest wall. The test is usually performed to diagnose relatively large abnormalities seen on chest X-ray or CT scan. Most often, the abnormality is not believed to be accessible by other diagnostic techniques, such as bronchoscopy.

Review Date: 10/30/2004
Reviewed By: Allen J. Blaivas, D.O., Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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