Bone scan

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Bone scan

Definition:

A bone scan is a test that detects areas of increased or decreased bone metabolism (turnover). The test is performed to identify abnormal processes involving the bone such as tumor, infection, or fracture.

Alternative Names:

Scintigraphy - bone

How the test is performed:

A radiotracer (bone-seeking radionuclide) is injected into the bloodstream through a vein. As it decays, the radiotracer emits gamma radiation, which is detected by a camera that slowly scans your body. The camera captures images of how much radiotracer collects in the bones.

If a bone scan is performed to evaluate possible fracture or infection, images will be performed shortly after the radiotracer injection, as well as after a 3-hour delay, when the tracer has collected in the bones. This is called a 3-phase bone scan.

To evaluate metastatic bone disease, images are obtained only after the 3-hour delay. Information from the camera is recorded in a computer, which then processes the data and creates an image.

The scanning part of the test will last about an hour and may require moving to various positions.

How to prepare for the test:

You must remove jewelry and other metal objects. You may be asked to wear a hospital gown.

How the test will feel:

There is a small amount of pain when the needle is inserted. During the scan there is no pain. You must remain still during the examination, and you will be instructed when to change positions by the technologist.

You may experience some discomfort due to lying still for a prolonged period of time.

Why the test is performed:

Detecting areas of abnormal bone metabolism is valuable in determining whether there is associated tumor, fracture, infection (osteomyelitis), or an underlying metabolic disorder.

Review Date: 7/21/2004
Reviewed By: Jeffrey J. Brown, MD, FACR, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington, University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Review Provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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