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Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathyDefinitionProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare inflammatory disorder that causes damage to the material (myelin) that covers nerves. The nerve damage related to PML occurs within the white matter of the brain. Alternative NamesPMLCausesPML is caused by the JC virus (JCV). This virus is found in a lot of people, but usually does not cause symptoms. However, it triggers PML in people who have poor immune function (immunocompromised). The disease occurs in 4% of adults with AIDS. SymptomsSymptoms and signs include loss of coordination, clumsiness, memory loss, progressively worsening weakness of the legs, and to a lesser extent, arms. Other signs may include loss of language capability (aphasia), visual field defects, and headaches. Exams and TestsTests may include:
TreatmentTreatment consists of anti-viral and other medications. Outlook (Prognosis)PML is almost always deadly. Most patients die within 3 to 6 months. ReferencesMandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 5th ed. London: Churchill Livingstone; 2000:1856-1861. Cohen J, Powderly WG. Infectious Diseases. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Elsevier; 2004:2046.
Review Date:
4/28/2006 Reviewed By: Daniel Kantor, M.D., Director of the Comprehensive MS Center, Neuroscience Institute, University of Florida Health Science Center, Jacksonville, FL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997-
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